https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Rose_of_Lancaster

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_York

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Rose_of_Lancaster

John Clifford, 9th Baron Clifford, 9th Lord of Skipton (8 April 1435 – 28 March 1461), was a Lancastrian military leader during the Wars of the Roses. The Clifford family was one of the most prominent families among the northern English nobility of the fifteenth century; and by the marriages of his sisters John Clifford had links to some very important families of the time, including the earls of Devon.

The name “Wars of the Roses” refers to the heraldic badges associated with the two royal houses, the White Rose of York and the Red Rose of Lancaster. Wars of the Roses came into common use in the 19th century after the publication in 1829 of Anne of Geierstein by Sir Walter Scott.[6][7] Scott based the name on a scene in William Shakespeare‘s play Henry VI, Part 1, set in the gardens of the Temple Church, where a number of noblemen and a lawyer pick red or white roses to show their loyalty to the Lancastrian or Yorkist faction respectively.

In the Roman de Brut by Wace, Brutus of Troy falls asleep before a statue of the goddess Diana in her abandoned temple and has a dream of the island he is destined to settle. This land is Britian.

On the grounds of Blenhiem Palace there is a temple for the goddess Diana where Winston Churchill proposed to his wife. This temple looks like the one that was built for Princess Diana Spencer who is kin to the Churchills and Dukes of Marlborough. It was on these grounds that King Henry built a Troy-town for Fair Rosamond, who descends from Rollo. Henry claimed he descends from Brutus of Troy. The Sleeping Beauty Princess was named ‘Rosamond’. Princess Diana was named ‘England’s Rose’. There is a rose in the middle of the Round Table that Wace introduced to the Arthurian Legends. Wace brought the sword he called ‘Excalibur’.

Above is a print of Wace delivered ‘The Roman de Rou’ to King Henry. As promised, here is the Grail Line of the Norse. The name Rosamond will forever be associated with the Holy Grail. I will forever be known as a Grail Author and Grail Scholar. I have immortalized my family. I have connected Princess Diana to the Grail Legends. One day, one, or both of her sons, will be the King of England.

Long live the king!

John Presco

Copyright 2013

Both Henry II and his wife, Eleanor of Aquitaine, were descended from Rollo. Henry via Rollo’s son, and successor, William ‘Longsword’. Eleanor via Rollo’s daughter, Gerloc (who married Duke William III of Aquitaine, and was called Adela).

https://rosamondpress.wordpress.com/2013/01/07/rosamond-and-the-earls-of-orkney/

His later work, the Roman de Rou, was, according to Wace, commissioned by King Henry II of England. A large part of the Roman de Rou is devoted to William the Conqueror and the Norman Conquest. Wace’s reference to oral tradition within his own family suggests that his account of the preparations for the Conquest and of the Battle of Hastings may have been reliant not only on documentary evidence but also on eyewitness testimony from close relations—though no eyewitnesses would have been still alive when he began work on the text. The Roman de Rou also includes a mention of the appearance of Halley’s Comet. The relative lack of popularity of the Roman de Rou may reflect the loss of interest in the history of the Duchy of Normandy following the incorporation of continental Normandy into the kingdom of France in 1204.

The Trojans land on a deserted island and discover an abandoned temple to Diana. After performing the appropriate ritual, Brutus falls asleep in front of the goddess’s statue and is given a vision of the land where he is destined to settle, an island in the western ocean inhabited only by a few giants.

“Yea, Rosamond, fair Rosamond,
Her name was called so,
To whom dame Elinor our Queene
Was known a deadly foe,
The King therefore for her defence
Against the furious Queene
At Woodstocke builded such a Bower
The like was never seen.

“Most curiously that Bower was built
Of stone and timber strong.
An hundered and fifty dores
Did to this Bower belong,
And they so cunningly contriv’d
With turnings round about
That none but with a clew of thread
Could enter in or out.”

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blenheim_Palace

Many turf mazes in England were named Troy Town, Troy-town or variations on that theme (such as Troy, The City of Troy, Troy’s Walls, Troy’s Hoy, or The Walls of Troy) presumably because, in popular legend, the walls of the city of Troy were constructed in such a confusing and complex way that any enemy who entered them would be unable to find his way out. Welsh hilltop turf mazes (none of which now exist) were called “Caerdroia”, which can be translated as “City of Troy” (or perhaps “castle of turns”).

W. H. Matthews, in his Mazes and Labyrinths (1922), gives the name as “Troy-town”. More recent writers (such as Adrian Fisher, in The Art of the Maze, 1990) prefer “Troy Town”.

The name “Troy” has been associated with labyrinths from ancient times. An Etruscan terracotta wine-jar from Tragliatella, Italy, shows a seven-ring labyrinth marked with the word TRUIA (Troy). To its left, two armed soldiers appear to be riding out of the labyrinth on horseback, while on the right two couples are shown copulating. The vase dates from about 630 BC.

Anglo-Norman author of two verse chronicles, the Roman de Brut(1155) and the Roman de Rou (1160–74), named respectively after the reputed founders of the Britons and Normans.

The Rou was commissioned by Henry II of England, who sometime before 1169 secured for Wace a canonry at Bayeux in northwestern France. The Brut may have been dedicated to Henry’s queen, Eleanor of Aquitaine. Written in octosyllabic verse, it is a romanticized paraphrase of Geoffrey of Monmouth’s Historia regum Britanniae, tracing the history of Britain from its founding by the legendary Brutus the Trojan. Its many fanciful additions (including the story of King Arthur’s Round Table) helped increase the popularity of the Arthurian legends. The Rou, written in octosyllabic couplets and monorhyme stanzas of alexandrines, is a history of the Norman dukes from the time of Rollo the Viking (after 911) to that of Robert II Curthose (1106). In 1174, however, Henry II transferred his patronage to one Beneeit, who was writing a rival version, and Wace’s work remained unfinished.
Wace’s artistry in the Brut exerted a stylistic influence on later verse romances (notably on a version of the Tristan story by Thomas, the Anglo-Norman writer), whereas the English poem Brut (c. 1200) by Lawamon was the most notable of many direct imitations. Three devotional works by Wace also survive.

Wace, writing some 300 years after the event in his Roman de Rou, also mentions the two brothers (as Rou and Garin), as does the Orkneyinga Saga.

Rosmond Clifford’s ancestors are the Erl’s of Orkney via Hugh de Calvacamp, thus she is kindred to the Sinclairs. However, this link has long been in question. Rosamond’s lover, King Henry Plantgenet, claims he descends from the Kings of Troy. Helen of Troy was captured, her legendary beauty launching a thousand ships that came to her rescue. Some scholars suggest the name Helen means “captured”. Helen is the Queen Mother of my novel ‘Capturing Beauty. King Henry Plantagenet of Anjou allegedly built a labyrinth around Fair Rosamond. When I posted this information, and more, on a Templar yahoogroup, Ian Sinclair tried to get me banned, and succeeded!

The Sinclairs claim they came to America, even discovered it. However, my ex-wife, Mary Ann Tharaldsen, would beg to differ, she kindred to Erik Tharaldsen, better known as Erik the Red. The Sinclair Clan is trying to capture my beautiful America! Get lost!

If you follow the Toeni ancestors of Rosamond Clifford, you arrive at Woden and the Kings of Troy. I suspect Henry married Rosamond after he divorced Eleanore (Helen) in order to unite the world under the three panthers of Angvian Plantagenet family who are leading members of the Priory de Sion – LEGEND! Some members of the Sinclair family claim their ancestors were as powerful as Henry’s family empire. They spread falsehoods! The Sinclairs claim they are kindred to Knights Templar and Masonic secrets. The Benton family were famous Freemasons, and I disocvered the Rougemont Templars by following my mother’s maiden name – ROSAMOND.

Above are two paintings by Rossetti employing the same model. These beautiful women are Fair Rosamund and Helen of Troy. My beautiful sister was the world famous artist known as Rosamond. Our Muse was Rena Cristiansen whose ancestros came from Sweden. Rena’s three sisters were models their beauty captured by a fashion photographers. Consider the Mona Lisa.

Some Sinclairs died battling the Saracens in Spain around 1300. Rosamond’s ancestor, Roger (Ralph) de Toeni, led Normans against Saracens in 1035.
The battle to restore Christianity to Spain, was on. Fair Rosamond in the Queen of Pan’s Labyrinth because Henry built a Troy Town around Rosamond that are associated with the city of Troy. Did he behold Rosamond’s genealogy and thus know she descended from Woden and the Trojans?

The Sinclairs have languished in the Priory of Troy Town long enough, they allowing Pierre Plantard to take all the heat in their place. But, with the revelation that my dear friend, Virginia Hambley, descends from powerful members of the Vichy – evicts all the Sinclairs from the legend that Dan Bown made famous, and puts my Rose of the World at the epicenter; for Plantard was a real member of the Vichy rebirth that spawned a thusand novels.
It is time for the jewel, and the thorn, in the crown.

I want our legend back!
Jon Presco

Copyright 2013

Roman de Rou is a verse chronicle by Wace in Norman covering the history of the Dukes of Normandy from the time of Rollo of Normandy to the battle of Tinchebray in 1106. It is a national epic of Normandy.
Following the success of his Roman de Brut which recounted the history of the English, Wace was apparently commissioned by Henry II of England to write a similar account of the origins of the Normans and their conquest of England. Wace abandons his tale before bringing it up to date, telling the reader in the final lines of Part III that the king had entrusted the same task to a Maistre Beneeit (believed to be Benoît de Sainte-More).

The ‘Roman de Rou’ (literally: Romance of Rollo) begins:
“One thousand, one hundred and sixty years in time and space had elapsed since God in His grace came down in the Virgin, when a cleric from Caen by the name of Master Wace undertook the story of Rou and his race …”
Wace’s ‘Roman de Rou’ chronicles Norman history, in verse, from the founding duke, Rollo (Rou), to the battle of Tinchebray in 1106. It was apparently commissioned by King Henry II (reigned 1154-89), possibly on the strength of Wace’s earlier work (finished in 1155), a versified adaptation of Geoffrey of Monmouth’s fantastical ‘Historia Regum Britanniae’, the ‘Roman de Brut’ (which seems to have achieved considerable popularity, and in which Wace introduced King Arthur’s round table).

Both Henry II and his wife, Eleanor of Aquitaine, were descended from Rollo. Henry via Rollo’s son, and successor, William ‘Longsword’. Eleanor via Rollo’s daughter, Gerloc (who married Duke William III of Aquitaine, and was called Adela).

Within the ‘Roman de Rou’, Wace writes:
“The history of the Normans is a long one and hard to set down in the vernacular. If one asks who said this, who wrote this history in the vernacular, I say and will say that I am Wace from the Isle of Jersey, which is in the sea towards the west and belongs to the territory of Normandy. I was born on the island of Jersey and taken to Caen as a small child; there I went to school and was then educated for a long time in France. When I returned from France, I stayed in Caen for a long time and set about composing works in the vernacular: I wrote and composed a good many. With the help of God and the king – I must serve no one apart from God – a prebend was given to me in Bayeux (may God reward him for this). I can tell you it was Henry the second, the grandson of Henry and the father of Henry.”

At any rate, for some reason, Henry became dissatisfied with Wace’s work (or with Wace himself), and withdrew his patronage. Wace breaks off from his narrative, and writes:
“Let he whose business it is continue the story. I am referring to Master Beneeit [probably Benoît de Saint-Maure], who has undertaken to tell of this affair, as the king has assigned the task to him; since the king asked him to do it, I must abandon it and fall silent. The king in the past was very good to me. He gave me a great deal and promised me more, and if he had given me everything he promised me things would have gone better for me. I could not have it, it did not please the king; but it is not my fault. I have known three king Henrys and seen them all in Normandy; all three had lordship over Normandy and England. The second Henry, about whom I am talking, was the grandson of the first Henry and born of Matilda, the empress, and the third was the son of the second. Here ends the book of Master Wace; anyone who wishes to do more, let him do it.”

Wace ceased work after 1174 (he mentions the siege of Rouen of that year). A substantial portion of the ‘Roman de Rou’ only exists in a 17th century copy, though the section in which the Norman Conquest of England occurs is also preserved in three medieval manuscripts (one early-13th, one late-13th and one late-14th century). Incidentally, Wace is most likely a personal name, not a surname. For some reason (perhaps based on an erroneous reading) he has sometimes been called Robert Wace.

The entire knowledge we have of Rollo is based on Dodo’s colourful accounts. The title they both adopted was “Count”. in 1015 Richard II was the first to style himself “Duke” and “Patrician”. He asserted his right to control the church and appoint Dukes under it.
http://sinclair.quarterman.org/who/rollo.html

http://sinclair.quarterman.org/ian.html

Years of research by Sinclair historians has pointed to our ancient connection to the Norse, in general, and the line of Rollo, in particular. Yet, when most researchers dig into the prehistory of the Vikings, they speak of the Goths. Our DNA suggests that we do not match the haplogroups of the classic Norse – R1a, I1a, N and Q. In fact, to date, only one Sinclair in our project is a part of these haplogroups – the R1a. This, taken in context with the author and Flemish historian Beryl Platts insistence that the Sinclairs are not of Norse origins, could make this project the bearer of bad news. But read on because, like so many parts of our history, it’s complicated.
The first traces of human life in Norway, based on archeological finds, were approximately 9,000-10,500 years ago. (I believe 8,000 BCE is closer to the accepted retreat of the LGM.) Before the Black Death in 1349, the population for Norway was estimated to be about 300,000. 15 There is much debate regarding the origins of these early settlers. Some have suggested they were related to the Mongols, at least in the case of the Finnish. Others have suggested they came up from Central Siberia.

One of our most notorious and beloved ancestors is Rollo. This from Wikipedia, who have a good habit of marking questionable research: “Rollo was a Viking leader of contested origin. Dudo of St. Quentin, in his De moribus et actis primorum Normannorum ducum (Latin), tells of a powerful Danish nobleman at loggerheads with the king of Denmark, who then died and left his two sons, Gurim and Rollo, leaving Rollo to be expelled and Gurim killed. William of Jumièges also mentions Rollo’s prehistory in his Gesta Normannorum Ducum however he states that he was from the Danish town of Fakse. Wace, writing some 300 years after the event in his Roman de Rou, also mentions the two brothers (as Rou and Garin), as does the Orkneyinga Saga.

Norwegian and Icelandic historians identified this Rollo with a son of Rognvald Eysteinsson, Earl of Møre, in Western Norway, based on medieval Norwegian and Icelandic sagas that mention a Ganger Hrolf (Hrolf, the Walker). The oldest source of this version is the Latin Historia Norvegiae, written in Norway at the end of the 12th century. This Hrolf fell foul of the Norwegian king Harald Fairhair, and became a Jarl in Iceland. The nickname of that character came from being so big that no horse could carry him.
The question of Rollo’s Danish or Norwegian origins was a matter of heated dispute between Norwegian and Danish historians of the 19th and early 20th century, particularly in the run-up to Normandy’s 1000-year-anniversary in 1911. Today, historians still disagree on this question, but most would now agree that a certain conclusion can never be reached.” (Wikipedia search– Rollo)

The legend of King Arthur is an enduring one, so popular that it has been shared for centuries. The earliest accounts are simple: A heroic king rescues his country. The story evolved over the centuries, and further elements such as Camelot, the Round Table, and Merlin were added in for flavor. Some versions of the legend state that Arthur did not truly die, but rather that he was put in an enchanted sleep– and it is said that he will return again in an hour of great need.

For hundreds of years the Arthur story has been retold in its various forms, though even ancient historians considered it nothing more than a myth. But in the twelfth century, evidence surfaced that suggested that one of history’s most popular figures might have been more than a mere legend.

In the year 1190, the monks of Glastonbury Abbey in England announced an incredible discovery. According to historical record, the monks began to experience dreams and visions about King Arthur around that time, which prompted them to consult with King Henry II (AD 1133-1189). Henry informed them of a long-kept secret of the royal family: Arthur’s remains were buried in the churchyard of St. Dunstan in Glastonbury. A search was soon commissioned.

Upon excavating the indicated area, the searchers unearthed a massive oak trunk, buried sixteen feet deep just as Henry had described. Inside was a human skeleton which confirmed that they had discovered something special. It was absolutely gigantic. It appeared to be much taller than an average man, and the space between the eye sockets was as wide as the palm of a man’s hand. Apparently, this famous king was truly larger than life.

This skeleton was not alone in its coffin. Alongside it was a second, lying next to a plait of blonde hair. The identities of the two remains were described on an archaic lead cross which was found nearby, inscribed with the Latin message “Hic jacet sepultus inclitus rex Arthurus in insula Avalonia,” meaning “Here lies interred the famous King Arthur on the Isle of Avalon.”

All in all, this was exciting stuff. Men and women flocked to Glastonbury from the surrounding regions, and King Henry II interred the ancient bones. Glastonbury soon became wealthy from the offerings and alms given by those who made the pilgrimage, and few questioned the authenticity of the find. Indeed, a few decades earlier the contemporary historian Geoffrey of Monmouth had claimed that Glastonbury was built on the site of ancient Avalon.

It turns out that Arthur’s grave was not the first historically significant discovery made by the monks of Glastonbury. In 1184, they had allegedly found the remains of St. Patrick. However, this claim failed to convince most people, since it was widely believed that St. Patrick had been buried in Ireland. Soon after this incident, the monks of the town had found the bones of famed Saint Dunstan. This discovery, too, was not widely believed. Though St. Dunstan had begun his career in Glastonbury, he ultimately relocated to Canterbury and had been buried there.

It was several years later that the monks found the grave of King Arthur. The discovery was fortuitous, because the monastery was rumored to be in financial trouble. In 1184, the monastic building and church of Glastonbury had been razed to the ground in a fire, leaving the monks of the town in dire monetary straits. However, if an abbey were in possession of a sacred relic, then it would be assured revenue. People would visit from far and wide to see pieces of the cross, clothes and objects of the saints… and bones. King Arthur was not a religious figure, but as one of the foremost heroes in legendary history, his remains attracted a great deal of medieval tourists.

While the circumstances of the discovery cast it in a suspicious light, the story was supported by King Henry II King Edward, who had succeeded Henry III and who had no need for money. But he may have had political motives in backing such a hoax; England was being ruled by Norman conquerors. The Saxons generally accepted these rulers, but those belonging to the Celtic fringes did not. Among those who revolted against the Norman invaders, it was widely believed that Arthur would one day return and fend off the invaders. With proof that the Celts’ savior was truly dead, Edward would secure a greater hold on his subjects. He interred the bones of King Arthur and Queen Guinevere, symbolically aligning his reign with that of England’s most famous hero and putting the matter to rest.

Taken all together, the evidence strongly suggests that the grave of King Arthur was just an elaborate hoax, designed to benefit several parties. Unfortunately the bones and the cross went missing centuries ago, so the evidence cannot be examined using modern techniques. But if they are ever rediscovered, even if they prove to be forgeries, these artifacts would be an interesting testament to the enduring legacy of political trickery and propaganda.

Capturing Beauty

Part One

‘Capturing Beauties Rose’

Jon Presco

Copyright 2004

“Many men say that there is nothing in dreams but fables and lies,
but one may have dreams which are not decietful, whose import becomes
quite clear afterward.”

Thus begins the ‘Romaunt of the Rose’ by Chaucer, that ends thus…

“The ending of the tale you see
The Lover draws anigh the tree,
And takes the branch, and takes the rose,
That love and he so dearly chose.”