Many people claim Pharamond descends from Jesus. Who carries the Davidic blood, his mother, or father? New research claims Pharamond was the grandson of Priarios de Toxandrie ‘the Parthian’. Meher Baba’s parents were Parthians and Zoroastrians.
Septimus Claudius Pharamondus Varasdates (Pharamond) married Argota ? (Cambri de Rosomoni) also known as Rosamond, of the tribe of Cimri, to form the Sicambrian Franks who were the kings of France.
“Origin of the Sicambrian Franks
It appears that the migratory people later identified as the Sicambrians who merged with the Franks originated in the territory of Syunak (Siak). And were set in motion in the late 4th century by a series of political battles between the Persian and Roman empires.”
For fifteen years I have claimed that Meher Baba sent me on my Quest for the Holy Grail, and the source of the name, Rosamond. People thought I was nuts – deluded – when I invoked the name of my Teacher.
The Romans, Parthians, and the Jews – all worshipped Mithra in some fashion. I believe these three peoples fought battles that were religious schisms to see who would rule the world. The legend of Mithra and Jesus is almost identical. The family name ‘Rosamond’ Rose of the World, is right there, at the apex of real human history that changed the world forever. Have I untied the Gordian Knot?
I believe the Legend of Pharamond is based upon Shapur who defeated the Roman Emperor Valerian. My enemy are the slave masters of the neo-Confederate Evangelical Party.
“The colossal statue of Shapur I standing in the Shapur cave, is one of the most impressive sculptures of the Sassanid dynasty.”
Have I awoken the King in the Mountain, Shapur. Will the King of Kings reign in Iran once more?
Jon Presco
Copyright 2012
Priarios de Toxandrie (the Parthian) b. 324? d. > May 378?
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Person:31285
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Full Tree
Descendants (Inventory)
Lineage
Arshakuni
Sex
Male
Full name (at birth)
Priarios de Toxandrie
Other last names
the Parthian
Other given names
Priarius, Priscus, Papos, Palagorius
Parents
♂ # Rostam (Rustam) ? (Rhadamistus) [Arshakuni]
♂ # Tiberius Julius Rhadamsades I ? [Volturi] d. 323
♀ Zenobia ? (Daughter of Mithridates) [?]
Reference numbers
GEDCOM::ComteLeBeux-b.ged::INDI @I1345@::SylvainComte, RIN::060804141741ohmiGed#sylvaincomte794834
[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
Events
324? birth: from Parthia
marriage: ♀ # Merowna ? (de Thuringe) [Nannau] b. 367? d. 407?
occupation: Roi franc en Toxandrie
> May 378? death:
380? child birth: Pontus, ♀ # Eviene (Juliane) ? (Lady of Nannaue) [Arshakuni] b. 380?
Notes
Early researchers of the middle ages, eager to establish a link to the heros of the Trojan war, often conflate Priarios (Priamus) with Priam of Troy. However, this person is an entirely historical Armenian general (an attested contemporary of Mellobaude) allied with the Persian Empire in North Eastern Europe/Western Asia.
The father of this person is alternately identified as Rostam and Rhadamistus. The histories of these two men have legendary and historical elements. Rhadamistus is an historical person however he flourished nearly 2 centuries before Priarios. As a Parthian General, and husband of Zenobia, Rustam falls within the correct time period but his story has become obscured by legendary material from prior heroic characters also named Rostam. My conclusion is that Priarios was the son of Rostam and Zenobia and that the obscure Iberian Diarchy of Rok [Rostam] and Mihrdat existed briefly during the interim migratory period following the reign of Parsman (Pharasmanes II) Kueli and Parsman Avaz (General Farasman of the Avars).
Jesus as a Reincarnation of Mithra
The Vatican was built upon the grounds previously devoted to the worship of Mithra (600 B.C.). The Orthodox Christian hierarchy is nearly identical to the Mithraic version. Virtually all of the elements of Orthodox Christian rituals, from miter, wafer, water baptism, alter, and doxology, were adopted from the Mithra and earlier pagan mystery religions. The religion of Mithra preceded Christianity by roughly six hundred years. Mithraic worship at one time covered a large portion of the ancient world. It flourished as late as the second century. The Messianic idea originated in ancient Persia and this is where the Jewish and Christian concepts of a Savior came from. Mithra, as the sun god of ancient Persia, had the following karmic similarities with Jesus:
Identical Life Experiences
(1)
Mithra was born on December 25th as an offspring of the Sun. Next to the gods Ormuzd and Ahrimanes, Mithra held the highest rank among the gods of ancient Persia. He was represented as a beautiful youth and a Mediator. Reverend J. W. Lake states: “Mithras is spiritual light contending with spiritual darkness, and through his labors the kingdom of darkness shall be lit with heaven’s own light; the Eternal will receive all things back into his favor, the world will be redeemed to God. The impure are to be purified, and the evil made good, through the mediation of Mithras, the reconciler of Ormuzd and Ahriman. Mithras is the Good, his name is Love. In relation to the Eternal he is the source of grace, in relation to man he is the life-giver and mediator” (Plato, Philo, and Paul, p. 15).
(2)
He was considered a great traveling teacher and masters. He had twelve companions as Jesus had twelve disciples. Mithras also performed miracles.
(3)
Mithra was called “the good shepherd, “the way, the truth and the light, redeemer, savior, Messiah.” He was identified with both the lion and the lamb.
(4)
The International Encyclopedia states: “Mithras seems to have owed his prominence to the belief that he was the source of life, and could also redeem the souls of the dead into the better world … The ceremonies included a sort of baptism to remove sins, anointing, and a sacred meal of bread and water, while a consecrated wine, believed to possess wonderful power, played a prominent part.”
(5)
Chambers Encyclopedia says: “The most important of his many festivals was his birthday, celebrated on the 25th of December, the day subsequently fixed — against all evidence — as the birthday of Christ. The worship of Mithras early found its way into Rome, and the mysteries of Mithras, which fell in the spring equinox, were famous even among the many Roman festivals. The ceremonies observed in the initiation to these mysteries — symbolical of the struggle between Ahriman and Ormuzd (the Good and the Evil) — were of the most extraordinary and to a certain degree even dangerous character. Baptism and the partaking of a mystical liquid, consisting of flour and water, to be drunk with the utterance of sacred formulas, were among the inauguration acts.”
(6)
Prof. Franz Cumont, of the University of Ghent, writes as follows concerning the religion of Mithra and the religion of Christ: “The sectaries of the Persian god, like the Christians’, purified themselves by baptism, received by a species of confirmation the power necessary to combat the spirit of evil; and expected from a Lord’s supper salvation of body and soul. Like the latter, they also held Sunday sacred, and celebrated the birth of the Sun on the 25th of December…. They both preached a categorical system of ethics, regarded asceticism as meritorious and counted among their principal virtues abstinence and continence, renunciation and self-control. Their conceptions of the world and of the destiny of man were similar. They both admitted the existence of a Heaven inhabited by beatified ones, situated in the upper regions, and of a Hell, peopled by demons, situated in the bowels of the Earth. They both placed a flood at the beginning of history; they both assigned as the source of their condition, a primitive revelation; they both, finally, believed in the immortality of the soul, in a last judgment, and in a resurrection of the dead, consequent upon a final conflagration of the universe” (The Mysteries of Mithras, pp. 190, 191).
(7)
Reverend Charles Biggs stated: “The disciples of Mithra formed an organized church, with a developed hierarchy. They possessed the ideas of Mediation, Atonement, and a Savior, who is human and yet divine, and not only the idea, but a doctrine of the future life. They had a Eucharist, and a Baptism, and other curious analogies might be pointed out between their system and the church of Christ (The Christian Platonists, p. 240).
(8)
In the catacombs at Rome was preserved a relic of the old Mithraic worship. It was a picture of the infant Mithra seated in the lap of his virgin mother, while on their knees before him were Persian Magi adoring him and offering gifts.
(9)
He was buried in a tomb and after three days he rose again. His resurrection was celebrated every year.
(10)
McClintock and Strong wrote: “In modern times Christian writers have been induced to look favorably upon the assertion that some of our ecclesiastical usages (e.g., the institution of the Christmas festival) originated in the cultus of Mithraism. Some writers who refuse to accept the Christian religion as of supernatural origin, have even gone so far as to institute a close comparison with the founder of Christianity; and Dupuis and others, going even beyond this, have not hesitated to pronounce the Gospel simply a branch of Mithraism” (Art. “Mithra”).
(11)
Mithra had his principal festival on what was later to become Easter, at which time he was resurrected. His sacred day was Sunday, “the Lord’s Day.” The Mithra religion had a Eucharist or “Lord’s Supper.”
(12)
The Christian Father Manes, founder of the heretical sect known as Manicheans, believed that Christ and Mithra were one. His teaching, according to Mosheim, was as follows: “Christ is that glorious intelligence which the Persians called Mithras … His residence is in the sun” (Ecclesiastical History, 3rd century, Part 2, ch. 5).
“I am a star which goes with thee and shines out of the depths.” – Mithraic saying
“I am the root and the offspring of David, and the bright morning star.” – Jesus, (Rev. 22:16)
Some critics of Christianity teach that the Christian religion was not based upon divine revelation but that it borrowed from pagan sources, Mithra being one of them. They assert that the figure of Mithra has many commonalities with Jesus, too common to be coincidence.
Mithraism was one of the major religions of the Roman Empire which was derived from the ancient Persian god of light and wisdom. The cult of Mithraism was quite prominent in ancient Rome, especially among the military. Mithra was the god of war, battle, justice, faith, and contract. According to Mithraism, Mithra was called the son of God, was born of a virgin, had disciples, was crucified, rose from the dead on the third day, atoned for the sins of mankind, and returned to heaven. Therefore, the critics maintain that Christianity borrowed its concepts from the Mithra cult. But is this the case? Can it be demonstrated that Christianity borrowed from the cult of Mithra as it developed its theology?
First of all, Christianity does not need any outside influence to derive any of its doctrines. All the doctrines of Christianity exists in the Old Testament where we can see the prophetic teachings of Jesus as the son of God (Zech. 12:10), born of a virgin (Isaiah 7:14), was crucified (Psalm 22), the blood atonement (Lev. 17:11), rose from the dead (Psalm 16:10), and salvation by faith (Hab. 2:4). Also, the writers of the gospels were eyewitnesses (or directed by eyewitnesses as were Mark and Luke) who accurately represented the life of Christ. So, what they did was write what Jesus taught as well as record the events of His life, death, and resurrection. In other words, they recorded history, actual events and had no need of fabrication or borrowing.
Priarios de Toxandrie (the Parthian) b. 324? d. > May 378?
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Person:31285
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Descendants (Inventory)
Lineage
Arshakuni
Sex
Male
Full name (at birth)
Priarios de Toxandrie
Other last names
the Parthian
Other given names
Priarius, Priscus, Papos, Palagorius
Parents
♂ # Rostam (Rustam) ? (Rhadamistus) [Arshakuni]
♂ # Tiberius Julius Rhadamsades I ? [Volturi] d. 323
♀ Zenobia ? (Daughter of Mithridates) [?]
Reference numbers
GEDCOM::ComteLeBeux-b.ged::INDI @I1345@::SylvainComte, RIN::060804141741ohmiGed#sylvaincomte794834
[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
Events
324? birth: from Parthia
marriage: ♀ # Merowna ? (de Thuringe) [Nannau] b. 367? d. 407?
occupation: Roi franc en Toxandrie
> May 378? death:
380? child birth: Pontus, ♀ # Eviene (Juliane) ? (Lady of Nannaue) [Arshakuni] b. 380?
Notes
Early researchers of the middle ages, eager to establish a link to the heros of the Trojan war, often conflate Priarios (Priamus) with Priam of Troy. However, this person is an entirely historical Armenian general (an attested contemporary of Mellobaude) allied with the Persian Empire in North Eastern Europe/Western Asia.
The father of this person is alternately identified as Rostam and Rhadamistus. The histories of these two men have legendary and historical elements. Rhadamistus is an historical person however he flourished nearly 2 centuries before Priarios. As a Parthian General, and husband of Zenobia, Rustam falls within the correct time period but his story has become obscured by legendary material from prior heroic characters also named Rostam. My conclusion is that Priarios was the son of Rostam and Zenobia and that the obscure Iberian Diarchy of Rok [Rostam] and Mihrdat existed briefly during the interim migratory period following the reign of Parsman (Pharasmanes II) Kueli and Parsman Avaz (General Farasman of the Avars).
Tiberius Julius Saromates (Suomar) ? (Sunno the Frank) b. 320? d. 401
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Person:31286
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Lineage
Volturi
Sex
Male
Full name (at birth)
Tiberius Julius Saromates (Suomar) ?
Other last names
Sunno the Frank
Other given names
Syunik (Albanian), Sunno (French), Sanasar of Mihr (Arabic), Valinak Siak
Parents
♂ # Tiberius Julius Rhadamsades I ? [Volturi] d. 323
[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
Events
320? birth:
369 birth: Province of Siak, Overtaken by the Persian Empire
child birth: ♀ Pharandzem [Marzpanate]
occupation: Général Franco-Allemagne
345? child birth: ♂ # Septimus Claudius Pharamondus Varasdates (Pharamond) [Mihran/Merovingan] b. 345? d. 398
357? other: Battle of Argentovaria
401 death:
Notes
History of Syunak (A province in dispute between the Roman and Persian Empire)
The first known governor of the province was Valinak Siak (c. 330 – 369) [Sunno the Frank]. The province was occupied by the Persian Empire, c. 369. Siak’s successor was his brother Andok (b.c. 340) who was later removed by the Persians in order to establish a more loyal Persian dynasty in his place. However in 379 with the aid of Rome, in particular the Mamikonian emperors, young King Babik (the son of Andok) was re-established as a Roman allied ruler. Babik’s mother Pharantzem, daughter of Valinak Siak and acting regent in during the minority of her son Babik, re-married to Gnel, nephew of Arshak II, King of Armenia. This regency lasted for less than ten years until 389.
With the crisis of leadership a vast number of refugees were fled toward the territory occupied by the Franks and Alans who at the time were engaged by Rome as territorial foederati. Under the leadership they florished in a semi organized culturally identified quasi military unit under the leadership of Valinak (c. 400-409) Upon the death of Valinak in 409, leadership of this migrant nation and its military units was assumed by Vasak (409-452) [a son/grandson of Radimistus]. Vasak had two sons, Bagben and Bakur, and a daughter who married Vasak’s successor, Varazvahan [Paranzemund](452-472) the son of Valinak Siak. Varazvahan’s great grandson [Claudius] Gelehon ruled from 470 to 477 and died in 483. Babik (Bagben) a descendant of Varazvahan’s brother in law, became the new king in 477. [Claudius Hadrianus] Hadz, brother of Gelehon, died on September 25, 482.
The original province of Syunik was later ruled by other, related, governors but their kinship ties to Valinak Siak remain uncertain: Vahan c. 570, Philipo c. 580, Stephanos c. 590-597, Sahak c. 597, and Grigor until 640. ~~~~
Origin of the Sicambrian Franks
It appears that the migratory people later identified as the Sicambrians who merged with the Franks originated in the territory of Syunak (Siak). And were set in motion in the late 4th century by a series of political battles between the Persian and Roman empires.
Argota ? (Cambri de Rosomoni) b. 376
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Person:107618
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?
Sex
Female
Full name (at birth)
Argota ?
Other last names
Cambri de Rosomoni
Parents
♂ # Genebald [Cambrai] b. 354? d. 419
[1]
Events
376 birth: França
title: Rainha dos Francos Salianos
residence: wurtemburg
~ 390 child birth: ♂ w Clodius (Clovis) Capillatus (Long Hair) (de Salii) [Merovingian] b. ~ 390 d. 450?
390 child birth: Nobre, ♂ w Fredemund (Varasdates) de Nuestria [Merovingian] b. 390
390? child birth: ♂ # Faramarz (Faramir) ? (Pharamond) [?] b. 390?
405 child birth: Westphalia, Germany, ♂ Adelbertus (Athelbert) de Moselle [Merovingian] b. 405 d. 491
[edit] Sources
http://en.rodovid.org/wk/Person:31404
Septimus Claudius Pharamondus Varasdates (Pharamond) b. 345? d. 398
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Person:31404
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Lineage
Mihran/Merovingan
Sex
Male
Full name (at birth)
Septimus Claudius Pharamondus Varasdates
Other last names
Pharamond
Other given names
Septimus Claudius Pharamondus (Latin), Varasdates (Armenia)
Parents
♂ # Tiberius Julius Saromates (Suomar) ? (Sunno the Frank) [Volturi] b. 320? d. 401
Reference numbers
GEDCOM::AugustaGall.ged::INDI @I3271@::SylvainComte
[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]
Events
345? birth:
384 ? 386 birth: Armenia, Roman Foederatus
marriage: ♀ ? (Sister of Marcomer of the Marcomanni) [?]
occupation: Roi de Cologne
other: ♀ Blesinde der Alemannen [Alemannen] b. 350? d. 403
religion: Langobard, Salii Priest
title: Prince of Lentienses
title: Orkades, Britain, Dux Romani(in Exhilos)
375? child birth: ♀ Blesinde de Cologne [Cologne] b. 375?
~ 390 child birth: ♂ w Clodius (Clovis) Capillatus (Long Hair) (de Salii) [Merovingian] b. ~ 390 d. 450?
390 child birth: Nobre, ♂ w Fredemund (Varasdates) de Nuestria [Merovingian] b. 390
390? child birth: ♂ # Faramarz (Faramir) ? (Pharamond) [?] b. 390?
398 death:
405 child birth: Westphalia, Germany, ♂ Adelbertus (Athelbert) de Moselle [Merovingian] b. 405 d. 491
Notes
Most scholars regard this person named Pharamond, who is placed prior to Chlodio (that is, before ca. 428), to be a legendary rather than historical figure. In fact in several sources, for example Gregory of Tours, multiple kings are attested to rule simultaneously in later times. Thus one must assume that, even if Pharamond existed, he was never recognized as sole king. It is more likely that he was named Dux Luxemburgius a Roman Military post. It was his son Clodius Capillatus (Clovis I) who was the first recognized Pax Dux Francorum or King of the Franks but only briefly and after a series of local conquests. His sole reign was divided again after his death amongst his sons, who ruled simultaneously.
Continuing Research
Modern researchers, as indeed the researchers of the late middle ages, continue to be puzzled by the identity of Pharamond. We many never known with certainty the identity of this individual who may end up being just another unidentified allele in modern DNA testing. However, I hope that future findings may allow us to identify with certainty the genetic links of the Frankish people and if Pharamond proves to be a false insertion to legitimize the Frankish Dynasty I would hope that those future findings will allow us to put him in his proper place. Meantime, the researchers with whom I am associated have issued the following statement.
After researching carefully it is my belief that Pharamond did exist however his attachment to the Merovingian house as the supposed parent ancestor of the Merovingian kings is not correct. It is believed by me and some of the researchers with whom I work that the grafting of Pharamond onto the Frankish tree represents a legitimization of the Frankish kings in the face of a failing empire. The sources to identify Pharamond as a Frank are very sparse, circumstantial, and greatly mythologized. The main source is Marcellus Ammianus who wrote mainly about the Romano/Person conflict in Albania and its effect on the migrating populations of the 3rd century (Alans, Heathobard, Suevians, and various tribes of Franks).
We believe the region of Varangia (Dacio/Geatland) near and around the Black sea to be the origin or a prolonged interim settlement of the Frankish people prior to their migration to the north west (toward Germania). The migration happened in stages with the Frankis people being thus subdivided into various sub-tribes or clans. Prior to the migration various groups came under subjugation of alternately the Roman or Persian empire as political events shifted. It is our belief that Ammianus Marcelinus recorded the events of this conflict as the unfolded in Germania at a time when Rome regained some of its former territory that it had lost from the Persian Empire, and that some of the persons named as Franks such as Pharamond, an earlier Merovek, Nannianus, and possibly even Clodius I others represent an Eastern European faction vs a West European faction and that they and others familiar to western sources such as Tonantius Ferreolus can be found mentioned int he histories of the local dynasties and satrapies of Persia as they transitioned to Roman rule. If, as we believe, these represent Governors or Dux Romani and Persian Satraps who later became Rex Populi, then the large distance traveled would not be an issue since it is proven that the Military had great mobility in the provences from east to west, north to south, during this era of the Empire. We recommend expanding the search for Pharamond and his family (antecedents and immediate posterity) to include records kept by the Persian Empire and Eastern Roman sources. Almoustine 19:59, 9 June 2010 (EEST)
Historical Identities
While there is no good reference for a Frankish king named Pharamond, there are some reliable references to a Roman Foederatus, a deposed prince of Eastern Albania whose life and exploits mesh perfectly with the known details of Pharamond as a leader of a Frankish people during their migratory phase.
Paranzemund, the son of Valinak Syak [Sunno the Frank], was a deposed Tocharian Prince and uncle of young King Papes of Armenia [brother to Pape’s mother Parandzem] who after a stay in Rome was stationed by Theodoric to guard the “Northern Islands” [Thule/Orcades]. As a young man in 360 CE, he was a veteran of the Olympic games in (Olibrium) where he won as a pugilist (boxer). Parandzem and Paranzemund were both members of the Parthian house of Mihran/Mervan.
Fredemund (Varasdates) de Nuestria b. 390
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Descendants (Inventory)
Lineage
Merovingian
Sex
Male
Full name (at birth)
Fredemund (Varasdates) de Nuestria
Parents
♂ # Septimus Claudius Pharamondus Varasdates (Pharamond) [Mihran/Merovingan] b. 345? d. 398
♀ Argota ? (Cambri de Rosomoni) [?] b. 376
Wiki-page
wikipedia:Varazdat
http://en.rodovid.org/wk/Special:Tree/107618
Rosamunde married the son of Merovee the King of the Salian Franks who ruled Den Bosch that was called Toxandria. Did these long hairedkings establish the Bailiffs?
Jon Presco
Name: Argotta (Rosamunde) (Queen Of The Franks)
Given Name: Argotta (Rosamunde) (Queen Of The Franks)
Sex: F
Birth: 376 in France
Death: 406
Event: Alt. Birth Alt. Birth 376 France
Occupation: Queen of Franks
_UID: D20800E8C07F4810BA2B302FADE52DAF0BA9
Change Date: 29 Jan 2011 at 15:28
Note: Queen of Franks
Toxandria is the classical name for a region between the Meuse and the Scheldt rivers in the Netherlands and Belgium. The name is also spelled Taxandria. The Salian Franks that settled the area in the 4th century became known as Toxandrians. These tribes gave rise to the Merovingian dynasty that came to dominate what is now Belgium and France.
In these ancient times, the many barbarian tribes, given the broad label as Germanic tribes (Latin Germanicus) by the Romans, originated from Scandinavia and had by the 2nd century BC spread through vast areas of today’s central and western Europe including northern Gaul (Gallia Belgica).
Because of their continuous raids, these tribes subdivided into separate clans and moved on to other areas. In the middle of the 3rd century, two members of the tribal confederacy known as the Franks, the Salians and the Ripuarians, began penetrating the Roman frontier around Mainz but were soon driven back by Emperor Probus. Despite the temporary setback, the moves against the ever-weakening Roman masters resulted in Emperor Julian buying peace in 358 by handing over Toxandria to the Salians who then became Roman allies and provided troops for the imperial army. This entente would shape both the Salian language and law, resulting in the 6th century Salic law written in Latin. The Ripuarians took up residence in a strip of territory between the Rhine River and the Meuse and, like all the wandering tribes, never formed any permanent alliances with the Salians in Toxandria.
In the ensuing years, the Toxandrians did not continue to collectively wander from one place to another as other Germanic tribes, but instead began to expand their territory outwards. The Romans were soon again under attack with the emergence of the first strong leader Meroveus, after whom the Merovingian dynasty would be named. Notably, his son, Childeric I made further agreements that expanded their territory while aiding the Romans in driving out several invaders from around Orléans and Angers. In the ensuing years, Childeric’s son Clovis I emerged as the dominant force who would, through his military might, add parts of present day Germany to his kingdom and shape what was to become modern day France.
The Salian Franks or Salii were a subgroup of the early Franks who originally had been living north of the limes in the area above the Rhine. The Merovingian kings responsible for the conquest of Gaul were Salians. From the 3rd century on, the Salian Franks appear in the historical records as warlike Germanic people and pirates, and as Laeti (allies of the Romans). They were the first Germanic tribe from beyond the limes who settled permanently on Roman land. In 358, they came to some form of agreement with the Romans that allowed them to settle in Toxandria (roughly the area of the current Dutch and Belgian provinces of Noord-Brabant, Antwerpen and Vlaams-Brabant).
The Salians fully adopted the Frankish identity and gradually ceased to appear by their original name from the 7th century onward, when they evolved into the Franks par excellence.[1] The Lex Ripuaria originated about 630 around Cologne and has been described as a later development of the Frankish laws known from Lex Salica.
Father: Genebaud II b: Abt 350 in France
Mother: Miss GENEBAUD b: Abt 358 in France
Marriage 1 Pharamond Of The West Franks b: 370 in Westphalia, Germany
Married: 394
Change Date: 29 Jan 2011
Children
1. Clodion Of Tournai (Clodius Crintus) (Lord Of The West Franks – 430-446) b: 395 in Westphalia, Germany
2. Adalbertus Of The Salian Franks (Duke Of France) b: 396 in Westphalia, Germany
3. Albero (Adelbertus) b: Abt 394
4. Frotmund Of The Salian Franks b: 397
5. Siegse (Argotta) (Princess (“Basina”) Of The Thuringians) THURINGIANS b: 398 in Thuringia, Germany
6. Belizde (Bellicies) (Princess (“Basina”) Of The Thuringians)
7. Fredemundus Of The Salian Franks DESPOSYNI b: 394 in Swaben, Bavaria
Meher Baba was an Irani[18] born in Pune, India to a Zoroastrian family.[19] His given name was Merwan Sheriar Irani. He was the second son of Sheriar Mundegar Irani, a Persian Zoroastrian who had spent years wandering in search of spiritual experience before settling in Poona (now Pune), and Sheriar’s young wife, Shireen.[20]
Sheriar was born into a poor Zoroastrian family in Khooramshar, near Yazd, Iran. His mother died when he was aged five, and he was then raised by his father Moondegar, caretaker of the local Zoroastrian funeral site. The Tower of Silence (dakhma) was a place where the dead were left exposed to the elements and to birds of prey, and Sheriar was often left in charge in these eerie surroundings while still a boy. Alienated from his peers by his occupation, oppressed by the Muslim majority because of his religion, unschooled and illiterate, he left his birthplace at the age of twelve.[1] For the next eight years he adopted the life of a solitary wandering dervish.
Dervishes in Iran, turn of the century
In 1874 he emigrated from Iran with his brother to India, in search of economic opportunities among the long-established Parsi community. After brief employment in Bombay, he gave away most of the money he had saved and resumed his mystical quest. He wandered through Gujarat and Sindh among other places for another ten years, begging only when he was hungry. Disappointed that nearly two decades of dervishi had not led him to spiritual realization, he returned to Bombay where his sister Piroja now lived.[2] Slowly integrating into conventional life, he reluctantly became betrothed to a young girl, Shireen Khuramshahi, whose family had also immigrated from his birthplace
A “mythical” people also named Cimmerians are described in Book 11, 14 of Homer’s Odyssey as living beyond the Oceanus, in a land of fog and darkness, at the edge of the world and the entrance of Hades. Most likely they were unrelated to the Cimmerians of the Black Sea.[9]
Ardashir I had, towards the end of his reign, renewed the war against the Roman Empire. Shapur I conquered the Mesopotamian fortresses Nisibis and Carrhae and advanced into Syria. Timesitheus, father-in-law of the young emperor, Gordian III, drove him back and defeated him at the Battle of Resaena in 243, regaining Nisibis and Carrhae. Timesitheus died shortly afterward, and Philip the Arab (244–249) murdered Gordian III after his defeat at the Battle of Misiche. Philip then concluded a peace with the Persians in 244. With the Roman Empire debilitated by Germanic invasions and the continuous elevation of new emperors after the death of Trajan Decius (251), Shapur I resumed his attacks.
A fine cameo showing an equestrian combat of Shapur I and Valerian in which the Roman emperor is seized, according to Shapur’s own statement, “with our own hand”, in year 256.Shapur conquered Armenia, invaded Syria, and plundered Antioch. Eventually, the Emperor Valerian (253–260) marched against him and by 257, Valerian had recovered Antioch and returned the province of Syria to Roman control. In 259, Valerian moved to Edessa, but an outbreak of plague killed many and weakened the Roman troops defending the city which was then besieged by the Persians. In 260, Valerian arranged a meeting with Shapur to negotiate a peace settlement but was betrayed by Shapur who seized him and held him prisoner for the remainder of his life.[8] Shapur advanced into Asia Minor, but was driven back by defeats at the hands of Balista, who captured the royal harem. Septimius Odenathus, prince of Palmyra, rose in his rear, defeated the Persian army and regained all the territories Shapur had occupied. Shapur was unable to resume the offensive and lost Armenia again.[9]
The Humiliation of Valerian by Shapur I. Pen and ink, Hans Holbein the Younger, c. 1521One of the great achievements of Shapur’s reign was the defeat of the Roman Emperor Valerian. This is presented in a mural at Naqsh-e Rustam, where Shapur is represented on horseback wearing royal armour and crown. Before him kneels Philip the Arab, in Roman dress, asking for grace. In his right hand the king grasps the uplifted arms of what may be Valerian; one of his hands is hidden in his sleeve as the sign of submission. The same scene is repeated in other rock-face inscriptions. Shapur is said to have publicly shamed Valerian by using the Roman Emperor as a footstool when mounting his horse.[10] Other sources contradict and note that in other stone carvings, Valerian is respected and never on his knees. This is supported by reports that Valerian and some of his army lived in relatively good conditions in the city of Bishapur and that Shapur enrolled the assistance of Roman engineers in his engineering and development plans.
The colossal statue of Shapur I standing in the Shapur cave, is one of the most impressive sculptures of the Sassanid dynasty
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